Factors associated with the implementation of physical activity among National Institute of Technology students during school closure due to COVID-19 / 体力科学

We examined the characteristics of students with high levels of physical activity during school closure due to the coronavirus pandemic and the factors related to performing physical activity. A total of 404 students, enrolled in Hachinohe National College of Technology, participated in the study. After data cleaning and processing, 345 responses were analyzed. Online classes were held between April 20 and June 5, 2020. A questionnaire was used to survey the lifestyle of students during this period. Additionally, a physical activity survey was conducted in the second week of June 2020, when face-to-face classes resumed. Among students who liked exercising, vigorous physical activity (VPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and total physical activity in both male and female students and moderate physical activity in male students were significantly higher than that of students who disliked exercising. However, among students who were not afraid of coronavirus, only the VPA of females students was significantly higher than that of students who were afraid. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained by logistic regression analysis with the high MVPA group (MVPA ≥ 420 min/week) as the dependent variable and participants’ characteristics as independent variables. We found an association between high MVPA and belonging to an exercise club (OR: 1.85, CI: 1.06–3.22, p=0.030), liking exercise (OR: 4.14, CI: 1.83–9.38, p=0.001), frequently going out (OR: 3.24, CI: 1.74–6.03, p<0.001), and number of factors preventing people from going out (OR: 1.96, CI: 1.05–3.63, p=0.033).

Nivel de actividad física en universitarios de Popayán, Colombia / Physical activity levels among university students from Popayán, Colombia

Introducción: Los universitarios son una población que está inmersa en múltiples actividades, por tanto, conocer el nivel de actividad física permite identificar factores de riesgo en la salud, además de generar un diagnóstico para generar programas de intervención institucionales. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de actividad física de los universitarios de la Corporación Universitaria Autónoma del Cauca. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo-correlacional de corte transversal, con una muestra de 1 .029 universitarios, se aplicó una encuesta de caracterización y el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física en su versión corta. El análisis estadístico se realizó en el software SPSS V.23.0, se aplicaron medidas de tendencia central, de dispersión y de distribución y el chi-cuadrado de Pearson para determinar relación entre variables. Resultados: Se encontró que el 77,2 por ciento de la población tienen un nivel de actividad física entre moderado y bajo, además que existe una relación entre las variables nivel de actividad física y sexo (p = 0,000). Conclusión: Se evidenció que la mayoría de los universitarios realiza actividad física moderada, pero que también presenta conductas sedentarias situación que genera factores de riesgo en la salud, al no realizar la actividad física suficiente para generar factores protectivos a nivel cardiovascular(AU)

Introduction: University students are a population involved in a large number of activities. Therefore, awareness of their physical activity levels makes it possible to identify health risk factors and develop a diagnosis leading to the creation of institutional intervention programs. Objective: Determine the physical activity levels of students from the Autonomous University Corporation of the Cauca Region. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was conducted of a sample of 1 029 university students, based on application of a characterization survey and the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were processed with the statistical software SPSS version 23.0. Use was made of measures of central tendency, dispersion and distribution, and Pearson's chi-squared test to determine the relationship between variables. Results: It was found that in 77.2 percent of the study population physical activity is moderate to low, and there is a relationship between the variables physical activity level and gender (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Physical activity is moderate in most university students, though evidence was also found of sedentary behavior, a situation leading to health risk factors, since not enough physical activity is performed to create cardiovascular protective factors(AU)

Los cuestionarios como herramienta en la medición de la actividad física en personas con diabetes mellitus y obesidad en la población cubana / Questionnaires as a tool to measure physical activity in people with diabetes mellitus and obesity in the Cuban population

Introducción: Los cuestionarios son instrumentos estandarizados que se utilizan en la vigilancia global de la actividad física en las personas con diabetes mellitus y obesidad. Estos constituyen una técnica costo-efectiva más viable pero menos precisa en comparación con los métodos objetivos que se utilizan para medir la actividad física a nivel poblacional. Sin embargo, son la herramienta más empleada por los especialistas por su interacción directa con los pacientes que se incluyen en las investigaciones sobre la diabetes y la obesidad. Objetivos: Identificar los cuestionarios como una opción factible en Cuba para medir el nivel de actividad física en estudios epidemiológicos en personas con diabetes mellitus y obesidad. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la bibliografía durante el periodo 2013-2020, a partir de los criterios de inclusión. La búsqueda se efectuó a través de PubMed, Cochrane, LILIACS y SciELO. Las palabras o criterios empleados fueron: actividad física, actividad física/cuestionarios, actividad física/técnicas de medición, enfermedades no transmisibles, diabetes mellitus y obesidad. Se identificaron 68 artículos, de los cuales fueron seleccionados 29 que contribuyeron al resultado final. Conclusiones: Las nuevas evidencias expuestas propician elementos sólidos para identificar los cuestionarios validados por sensores de movimiento como una opción factible que debe ser utilizada en Cuba para medir el nivel de actividad física en estudios epidemiológicos en personas con diabetes mellitus y obesidad(AU)

Introduction: The questionnaires are standardized instruments, which are used in full monitoring of physical activity in people with diabetes mellitus and obesity. They are a more viable cost-effect technique, but less precise in comparison with the objective methods that are used to measure physical activity in the population level. However, they are the most used tool by the specialists due to its direct interaction with patients included in researches on diabetes and obesity. Objectives: Identify the questionnaires as a feasible option in Cuba to measure the level of physical activity in epidemiological studies in people with diabetes mellitus and obesity. Methods: An integrative review of the bibliography was carried out from the inclusion criteria during the period 2013-2020. The search was carried out through PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS and SciELO to answer the question of the review: What is the physical activity´s measurement technique that can be used in people with diabetes mellitus and obesity in the Cuban population, taking into account the new empirical evidence on the subject? Physical activity, physical activity / questionnaires, physical activity / measurement techniques, non-communicable diseases, diabetes mellitus and obesity; were the words or criteria used. 68 articles were identified, and 29 of them were selected so, they contributed to the final result. Conclusions: The new evidences presented provide solid elements to identify the questionnaires validated by motion sensors as a feasible option that should be used in Cuba to measure the level of physical activity in epidemiological studies of people with diabetes mellitus and obesity(AU)

Comparación entre el auto-reporte de actividad física y la medición con acelerómetro según factores sociodemográficos / Comparison of self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity according to sociodemographic factors

RESUMEN Introducción: La determinación del nivel de actividad física (AF) puede realizarse a través de acelerómetro o mediante cuestionario de auto-reporte. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los niveles de AF entre un cuestionario de auto-reporte y la medición con acelerómetro de movimiento según factores sociodemográficos en la población chilena. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó a 230 adultos chilenos participantes del proyecto Genes, Ambiente, Diabetes y Obesidad (GENADIO). Niveles de AF fueron medidos mediante el cuestionario Internacional Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) y acelerómetro de movimiento (ActiGraph). Resultados: IPAQ subestimó los niveles de AF total en comparación a la medición con acelerómetro (delta [IPAQ-Acel.]= −55,7 min/día). Según nivel educacional, se evidenció que el cuestionario IPAQ sobreestimó los niveles de AF total en personas con bajo nivel educacional (delta [IPAQ-Acel.]= 70,4 min/día), pero subestimó la AF total en personas con enseñanza media o técnico universitaria (delta [IPAQ-Acel.]= −67,9 y −135,6 min/día, respectivamente). Resultados similares fueron observados para los distintos niveles de ingreso socioeconómico (NSE). Conclusión: El cuestionario de auto-reporte IPAQ subestimó los niveles de AF total en comparación a la medición por acelerómetro; sin embargo, estas diferencias variaron según factores sociodemográficos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Determining level of physical activitY (PA) can be done with objective measurement, through accelerometer, or by subjective measurement through self-report questionnaire. The aim of this study was to compare PA measurements derived from a self-reported questionnaire and accelerometer according to sociodemographic factors in the Chilean population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which included 230 Chilean adults participating in the GENADIO study (Genes, Environment, Diabetes and Obesity). PA levels were measured through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and GT1M accelerometer (ActiTrainer, ActiGraph). Results: IPAQ questionnaire underestimated the total PA levels compared to the accelerometer measurement (delta[IPAQ-Acel.]= −55.7 min/day). According to educational level, IPAQ questionnaire overestimated PA level in people with low educational level (delta[IPAQ-Accel.]= 70.4 min/day), but underestimated total PA in people with secondary education or university technician (delta[IPAQ-Accel.]=-67.9 and-135.6 min/day, respectively). Similar results were observed for the different levels of socioeconomic income. Conclusion: The IPAQ questionnaire underestimated total PA levels compared to accelerometer; however, these differences varied according to sociodemographic factors.

Factors influencing physical inactivity among adults in Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia

@#Background: Physical inactivity remains the most important modifiable risk factor in preventing a variety of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and has been identified to be a risk factor for obesity, heart disease and cancers. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with physical inactivity among the suburban adult population in Port Dickson district, Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia. Material and Methods: This was a community based crosssectional study involving 397 adult respondents conducted in February 2016. Data was collected by face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. Data regarding socio-demographic factors (age, gender, ethnicity, education level, marital status and monthly income, working hours), current behavioural stage of physical activity and perceived benefits and barriers to physical activity were collected. Physical activity measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) with the cut-off point of less than 600 met-min per week was considered to be physically inactive. Results: The prevalence of physical inactivity among adult population was 36.3%. Factors significantly associated with physical inactivity included age, gender, marital status, working hours and current behavioural stage of physical activity. Conclusion: Physical inactivity is high among the adult community in Negeri Sembilan district, Peninsular Malaysia and was strongly associated with age, gender, marital status, working hours and current behavioural stage of physical activity. It is important to identify individuals with physical inactivity and its associated factors early as this could severely affect the quality of life of the individuals

Niveles de sedentarismo en estudiantes universitarios de pregrado en Colombia / Sedentary lifestyles among Health Sciences undergraduate students of Colombia

Introducción: En la actualidad, el sedentarismo es un comportamiento relacionado con múltiples enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Este comportamiento cada día se hace más prevalentes entre adolescentes y personas jóvenes como consecuencia del estilo de vida moderno. Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de sedentarismo en estudiantes universitarios de pregrado. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en estudiantes pertenecientes a la facultad de salud de la Universidad de Pamplona, Colombia, con matrícula activa durante el primer periodo académico de 2016. Participaron 346 alumnos que aceptaron de forma voluntaria responder el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física para Adultos versión corta, aparentemente sanos y sin diagnóstico de enfermedad o discapacidad que le impidiera realizar actividad física regular. La edad promedio del grupo era de 18,9 años Resultados: La prevalencia de sedentarismo en la muestra fue de 42,77 por ciento. Los estudiantes del departamento de medicina fueron los más activos físicamente y los estudiantes de enfermería los más sedentarios. No se observó diferencia entre hombres y mujeres. Conclusiones: El nivel de sedentarismo encontrado en este estudio es alto. Es necesario implementar nuevas estrategias que animen a las personas a desarrollar estilos de vida más saludables(AU)

Introduction: Nowadays, sedentarism is a behavior related to multiple non-transmissible chronic and cardiovascular diseases. This behavior every day is getting more prevalence among adolescent and young people due to modern lifestyles. Objective: This study aims to determine the levels of sedentarism among undergraduate university students. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in students of the Health Sciences Faculty at Universidad de Pamplona, Colombia, and these students were active roll during the first academic period of 2016. 346 students participated and they accepted voluntarily to answer the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adults (IPAQ-A) short version. They were apparently healthy and without a diagnosis of any condition or disability that hamper them to do regular physical activity. The average age of this group was 18,9 years old. Results: The prevalence of sedentarism in the sample was 42,77 percent, being the students of Medicine Department the most physically active, and the students of Nursing Department the most sedentary. There were not any differences among males and females. Conclusions: Sedentarism levels found in undergraduate university students is high, therefore it is necessary to implement new strategies that encourage people to develop healthier lifestyles(AU)

Prevalencia y tendencias de actividad física en niños y adolescentes: resultados de Ensanut 2012 y Ensanut MC 2016 / Prevalence and trends of physical activity in children and adolescents: results of the Ensanut 2012 and Ensanut MC 2016

Resumen: Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia y tendencias de actividad física (AF) en niños y adolescentes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2012 y Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de Medio Camino (Ensanut MC) 2016. Material y métodos: Se recolectó información sobre AF a partir del cuestionario de comportamientos en salud para niños en edad escolar (HBSC) en niños y el Cuestionamiento Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ) en adolescentes. Resultados: Más de 80% de los niños y 35% de los adolescentes en México no cumple con las recomendaciones de AF. En el periodo 2012-2016, las niñas y escolares de la zona rural mostraron un aumento en la participación en actividades organizadas y deportes. Conclusión: La prevalencia de AF es baja en niños y adolescentes y la tendencia no ha mejorado en los últimos seis años.

Abstract: Objective: To describe the prevalence and trends of physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents from Ensanut 2012 and Ensanut MC 2016. Materials and methods: Physical activity levels were obtained from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) and the nternational Physical ActivityI (IPAQ) questionnaires for children and adolescents respectively. Results: More than 80% of the children and 35% of the adolescents in Mexico do not meet the PA recommendations. From 2012-2016, girls and schoolchildren in the rural area showed an increase in participation in organized activities and sports. Conclusion: The prevalence of PA is low in children and adolescents and the trend has not improved in the last six years.

Estudio venezolano de nutrición y salud: perfil antropométrico y patrón de actividad física. Grupo del estudio latinoamericano de nutrición y salud / Venezuelan study of nutrition and health: anthropometric profile and physical activity pattern. Latin american nutrition and health study group

Investigaciones epidemiológicas reconocen la importancia de la actividad física en la promoción de la salud especialmente en el campo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y la obesidad. El Estudio Latinoamericano de Nutrición y Salud (ELANS) en Venezuela, de corte transversal, ejecutado entre 2015, definió el perfil antropométrico y evaluó el patrón de actividad física de la población venezolana entre 15 y 65 años. La muestra polietápica, estratificada por regiones (Capital, Oriental, Llanos, Central, Guayana, Andes y Occidental), incluyó 1132 individuos según edad, sexo y estrato social. Se utilizó el cuestionario IPAQ, versión larga y se investigó actividades en el tiempo libre y transporte activo (caminata y bicicleta). Los hombres presentaron más sobrepeso y las mujeres más obesidad con predominio de distribución abdominal desde temprana edad. La obesidad cervical (OC) por circunferencia de cuello, fue mayor en hombres. El transporte principal fue el autobús (67%) en los tres estratos socioeconómicos y en todas las regiones. El 63% realizaron caminatas de al menos 10 minutos diarios para trasladarse de un lugar a otro con diferencias por sexo, región y frecuencia. Los hombres ejecutaron más actividad vigorosa (futbol) y en general 34,9% prefirió el baile y coreografías. La conducta sedentaria como ver televisión (92,1%), sentarse a hablar con amigos (80,5%), hablar por teléfono (74,8%) y uso de computadora e internet (52,6%), presentó diferencias significativas por región. El entorno de vivienda se caracterizó por buena accesibilidad a servicios en los alrededores, altos niveles de inseguridad y pobre iluminación en su zona y lugares de recreación(AU)

Epidemiological researches are aware of the importance of physical activity in health promotion, especially in the area of cardiovascular disease and obesity. The Latin American study of nutrition and health (ELANS) Venezuelan group, developed a polietapic cross-sectional research during years 2014-2015. Present study characterized anthropometric profiles and habitual physical activity, during leisure time and active transportation (walking and biking) using the long version of the IPAQ questionnaire. The study comprised 1132 Venezuelan subjects15 to 65 years of age, previously defined by socio-economic and demographic factors. Taking these parameters into account, the following regions were selected: Capital, Oriental, Los Llanos, Central, Guayana, Andes and Occidental. Males showed more overweight and females greater obesity. Abdominal obesity characterized both groups with dominance and at early age in women. The main transportation was BY bus (67%) in the three socio-economic strata and in all the regions. 63% performed for at least 10 minutes daily walking to move from one place to another with differences by sex, region and frequency. The male group performed more vigorous activity (soccer) and in general, 34.9% preferred dance and choreography. The environment of sedentary behavior with significant differences by region was defined by watching television (92.1%), sitting and talking with friends (80.5%), talking on the phone (74.8%), and the use of computer and internet (52.6%). The home environment was characterized by proximity to services in the surroundings, and high levels of insecurity in their area and places of recreation, mainly associated with the absence of street lighting(AU)

Validation of the Simplified Chinese-character Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form in Urban Community-dwelling Adults: a Cross-sectional Study in Hangzhou, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the test-retest reliability and criterion validity of the Simplified Chinese-character version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long form (IPAQ-L) in urban community-dwelling adults in Hanghzou, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 158 eligible participants aged 25-59 years from 6 neighbourhoods in two central districts of Hangzhou completed the IPAQ-L questionnaire twice within a 7-day interval. Half of the subjects wore pedometers during the first 7 days. Test-retest reliability was examined by comparing the first (Day 1) and the second (Day 9) survey of IPAQ-L. Criterion validity was assessed by comparing IPAQ-L with pedometer data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Modest to good test-retest reliability was found with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.67 for total PA, 0.37 to 0.73 for specific dimensions, and 0.56 to 0.71 for different intensities of PA. Total PA measured by IPAQ-L was moderately correlated with exercise levels (partial r = 0.27, P = 0.020) and walking distance (partial r = 0.31, P = 0.007), which were measured by a pedometer, after adjusting for gender, age, educational attainment and employment status.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results indicate that the IPAQ-L is a reliable and validated measure for assessing physical activity levels in this population and possibly the adult population in other mainland Chinese cities.</p>

Nível de atividade física e gasto calórico em atividades de lazer de pacientes com diabetes mellitus / Level of physical activity and caloric expenditure of individuals with diabetes mellitus during leisure activities

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o nível de atividade física e o gasto calórico, em METs, em atividades de lazer de pacientes com diabetes mellitus, atendidos em uma Unidade Básica Distrital de Saúde de uma cidade do interior do Estado de São Paulo. A amostra de conveniência foi constituída por 134 pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, atendidos no período de maio a agosto de 2009. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados um formulário contendo variáveis demográficas e clínicas e o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). Para cálculo do nível de atividade física foi utilizado o Guidelines for Data Processing and Analysis, do IPAQ. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se estatística descritiva e Qui-quadrado. A média de idade dos sujeitos foi de 63,5 ± 10,27 anos e o tempo de diagnóstico de 11,71 ± 7,94 anos. Em relação ao nível de atividade física, 11,9% eram sedentários; 50% e 17,9% foram classificados como ativos e muito ativos, respectivamente. Verificou-se que 56% não realizavam atividade física no período de lazer. A média de tempo despendido na posição sentada foi superior a cinco horas ao dia. A metade dos sujeitos não realizava atividade física no período de lazer e apenas 20,1% alcançaram os níveis de atividade física recomendados para obtenção de benefícios à saúde. Apenas 20,5% dos sujeitos investigados alcançaram os níveis recomendados de gasto calórico (kcal) para obtenção de benefícios à saúde. A atividade física doméstica apresentou maior gasto calórico, calculado em METs, seguido pelas atividades de trabalho.(AU)

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the level of physical activity and caloric expenditure, measured in metabolic equivalents (METs), during leisure activities of individuals with diabetes mellitus being cared for at a district basic health unit in a city in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The convenience sample comprised 134 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received treatment between May and August 2009. Data were collected with a form containing demographic and clinical variables and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Level of physical activity was calculated using the IPAQ Guidelines for Data Processing and Analysis. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and the chi-squared test were used. Mean age of participants was 63.5 ± 10.27 years and time of diagnosis, 11.71 ± 7.94 years. Regarding level of physical activity, 11.9% were inactive; 50% and 17.9% were classified as active and very active, respectively. The results showed that 56% did not exercise during their leisure time. Mean sitting time surpassed five hours per day. Half of the subjects did not perform physical activity during their leisure time and only 20.1% reached the recommended level of physical activity to obtain health benefits. Only 20.5% of the participants reached the recommended level of caloric expenditure (kcal) to obtain health benefits. Domestic physical activity presented the highest caloric expenditure, calculated in METs, followed by work activities.(AU)

Nivel de Actividad Física Medida a Través del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física, en Adultos Mayores de las Parroquias Urbanas de Cuenca-Ecuador, 2015 / Level of Physical Activity Measured Through the International Questionnaire of Physical Activity, in Older Adults of the Urban Parishes of Cuenca-Ecuador, 2015

INTRODUCCIÓN: Mundialmente existe una transición demográfica, así la población de adultos mayores para el 2050 pasará de 10% a 22%, en Ecuador al 2010 representaban el 7% y al 2050 representarán el 18%. El envejecimiento poblacional ocasiona un aumento de los índices de enfermedades crónicas degenerativas aso-ciadas principalmente a un nivel insuficiente de actividad física incrementando el riesgo de muerte de 20% a 30%. Hay evidencia que niveles moderados-vigorosos de actividad física reportan beneficios para la salud.OBJETIVO: Determinar el nivel de actividad física a través del IPAQ (versión corta) en adultos mayores de las parroquias urbanas de la ciudad de Cuenca, 2015.METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo en 387 adultos ma-yores en quienes se aplicó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ) en su versión corta mediante entrevista, una vez cumplidos los criterios de inclusión: hombres y mujeres de 65 años o más que deseen participar y firmen el consentimiento informado. Los datos fueron analizados y procesados en el programa SPSS versión 15, utilizando distribución de frecuencias, medi-das de tendencia central (media) y de dispersión (desvío estándar).RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 387 adultos mayores, el 64.6% estuvo entre los 65-74 años, la media de edad se ubicó en 72.77 años con una desviación estándar de ±7.47 años, el 63.6% fue de sexo femenino, el 55.8% estuvo casado, el 53.4% terminó la primaria, el 73.9% no fue activo laboralmente. El 45% de adultos mayores tuvo un nivel alto de actividad física, el 37% moderado y el 18% bajo. Los niveles de actividad física variaron con la edad, estado civil, nivel de instrucción y ocupación laboral. CONCLUSIONES: Los adultos mayores de Cuenca presentan un nivel alto de actividad física, el cual puede variar por ciertas características sociodemográficas.

INTRODUCTION: Globally there is a demographic tran-sition and the elderly population by 2050 will increase from 10% to 22%, in Ecuador in 2010 elderly people re-presented 7% and by 2050 will increase to 18%. Popu-lation aging leads to increased rates of chronic dege-nerative disease primarily associated with an insufficient level of physical activity increase the risk of death of 20% to 30%. There is evidence that moderate-vigorous physi-cal activity levels reported health benefits.OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of physical activity through the IPAQ (short version) in adults older from ur-ban parishes in Cuenca, 2015. METHODOLOGY: It is a descriptive study of 387 older adults in whom the International Physical Activity Ques-tionnaire (IPAQ) in its short version was applied by inter-view, after fulfilling the inclusion criteria: men and wo-men with 65 years old and older who wish to participate and sign the informed consent. The data were analyzed and processed in SPSS version 15, using frequency distri-bution, measures of central tendency (mean) and dis-persion (standard deviation). RESULTS: A total of 387 older adults were studied, the 64.6% were between 65-74 years, the average age stood at 72.77 years with a standard deviation of ± 7.47 years, were the 63.6% were female, the 55.8% were ma-rried , the 53.4% finished primary school, and the 70.5% was not active in work. The 45% of older adults had a high level of physical activity, 37% moderate and 18% low. Physical activity levels varied with age, marital sta-tus, education level and occupation.CONCLUSIONS: The older adults in Cuenca have a high level of physical activity, which may vary by certain so-cio-demographic characteristics.

Asociación entre actividad física y estrés psicológico percibido en adultos de Bucaramanga / Association between Physical Activity and Perceived Psychological Stress in Adults in Bucaramanga / Associação entre atividade física e estresse psicológico percebida em adultos de Bucaramanga

Introducción: El aumento de los niveles de estrés se convirtió en un problema para la salud de la población en general. Diferentes estudios demuestran que la realización de actividad física de manera regular disminuye la percepción de estrés psicológico en el individuo. Se sugiere que la relación entre actividad física y estrés psicológico percibido varía entre los dominios de la actividad física realizada y los diferentes grupos poblacionales. Objetivo: Establecer la asociación entre actividad física y estrés psicológico percibido en adultos residentes en barrios de estratos socioeconómicos 2 y 3 de Bucaramanga. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal en una población de 502 adultos residentes en la ciudad de Bucaramanga. Los participantes fueron entrevistados para obtener información acerca de la actividad física realizada y el nivel de estrés psicológico percibido. Además, se incluyeron en el estudio variables sociodemográficas y patrones de comportamiento. La información fue analizada mediante análisis bivariado y multivariado empleando modelos de regresión lineal múltiple y usando el programa STATA® 11.0. Resultados: Se determinó una asociación entre el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de actividad física de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y el puntaje de estrés psicológico percibido en los participantes (β = -1,90 IC 95 % -3,73 a -0,06; P = 0,043). Conclusiones: Cumplir con las recomendaciones de actividad física, se asoció con una disminución en el nivel de estrés psicológico en los participantes, quienes presentaron en promedio -1,9 puntos menos en el puntaje del PSS, que quienes no las cumplen.

Introduction: Increased stress levels became a problem for the general population's health. Research studies show that individuals engaging regular physical activity have a decreased perception of psychological stress. The relationship between physical activity and perceived psychological stress has been suggested to vary across domains of physical activity and across population groups. Objective: To establish the association between physical activity and perceived psychological stress in adults living in neighborhoods of the 2nd and 3rd socio-economic strata of Bucaramanga. Materials and methods: This observational analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of 502 adult residents in the city of Bucaramanga. Individuals were interviewed to obtain information about physical activity and their level of perceived psychological stress. Data analysis will account for socio-demographic and behavior patterns using linear regression models, and it was performed in STATA® 11.0. Results: Meeting the physical activity recommendations was associated with a decrease in psychological stress levels in study participants (β = -1,90 IC 95 % -3,73 a -0,06; P = 0,043). Conclusions: Complying with the recommendations of physical activity was associated with a decrease in the psychological stress level in the participants, who had an average -1.9 points lower PSS score than those who do not comply.

Introdução: o aumento dos níveis de stress converteu-se em um problema para a saúde da população em geral. Diferentes estudos demonstrm que a realização de atividade física de maneira regular diminui a percepção de stress psicológico no indivíduo. Sugerese que a relação entre atividade física e stress psicológico percebido varia entre os domínios da atividade física realizada e os diferentes grupos populacionais. Objetivo: Estabelecer a associação entre atividade física e stress psicológico percebido em adultos residentes em bairros de estratos socioeconómicos 2 e 3 de Bucaramanga. Materiais e métodos: realizou-se um estudo observacional analítico de corte transversal, em uma população de 502 adultos residentes na cidade de Bucaramanga. Os participantes foram entrevistados para obter informações acerca da atividade física realizada e o nível de stress psicológico percebido. Além disso, incluíram-se no estudo variáveis sócio-demográficas e patrões de comportamento. A informação foi analisada mediante análise bivariada e multivariada empregando modelos de regressão lineal múltipla e, usando o programa STATA® 11.0. Resultados: se determinou uma associação entre o cumprimento das recomendações de atividade física da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e a pontuação de stress psicológico percebido nos participantes (β = -1,90 IC 95 % -3,73 a -0,06; P = 0,043). Conclusões: cumprir com as recomendações de atividade física, associou-se com uma diminuição no nível de stress psicológico nos participantes, quem apresentaram -1,9 pontos menos em média na pontuação do PSS, que quem não as cumprem.

Comparison Of Accelerometer-Based Measurement With The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Long Form) In The Assessment Of Physical Activity Level

Accurate measurement of physical activity depends on the validity and reliability of measurement instruments. The objective of the present study was to compare the assessed moderate-to-vigorous intensity component of physical activity as measured by an accelerometer and by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. From the target population of Malaysian government employees, 225 participants (mean age= 34.84±8.41 years; 71.1% women) wore an accelerometer on two consecutive weekdays and one weekend day and completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Three assessments were conducted at four- and six-month intervals to compare total time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) as measured by accelerometer and by the IPAQ. The criterion validity of the IPAQ was evaluated by Bland-Altman analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and specificity and sensitivity were calculated. Higher MVPA times were reported on the IPAQ (p<0.001) as compared to the accelerometer, while strong to very strong correlations (ranging from -0.784 to -0.981) were observed between the two instruments. The IPAQ showed good specificity incorrectly classifying adequately active individuals, but its sensitivity to identifying inadequately active people was low. The IPAQ overestimated MVPA among Malaysian government employees and demonstrated modest evidence of criterion validity. Further evaluation of self-report physical activity instruments such as the IPAQ in other Malaysian populations could help to ensure more accurate assessment of physical activity data in the country.

Atividade física em idosos: uma revisão sistemática baseada no International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) / Physical activity in older adults: a systematic review based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)

A importância e os benefícios das atividades físicas para a população idosa estão bem documentados na literatura da área. Porém, a utilização de métodos e instrumentos de medidas da atividade física é bem diversificada, e os questionários têm sido os mais empregados. O objetivo da investigação é analisar, por meio da revisão sistemática, o nível de atividade física em idosos mensurados pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). O estudo caracterizou-se por uma revisão sistemática da literatura orientada pela busca nas seguintes bases de dados: SciELO, LILACS e PubMED, no período de 2000 a 2010. Para tanto, os descritores selecionados, em português e inglês, foram: idosos, atividade física, questionário nternacional de atividade física (IPAQ), questionário, medida indireta e estudo transversal. Seguindo as diferentes etapas da revisão sistemática, a busca inicial deu conta de 635 artigos (artigos não duplicados nas bases), resultando 7 publicações para a análise final. A seleção dos artigos foi feita a partir de uma revisão pareada, alternada e consensual. Evidenciou-se que a maioria (6) dos artigos analisados que utilizou o IPAQ para avaliar o nível de atividade física em idosos encontrou uma prevalência maior de idosos considerados mais ativos.

The importance and benefits of physical activity in the elderly are well documented in literature. However, the use of methods and instruments for measurement of physical activity is well diversified, and questionnaires have been the most used. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze, by systematic review, the level of physical activity in older adults, measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The investigation was characterized by a systematic review of the literature, guided by the search in the following databases: SciELO, LILACS and PubMED, in the period from 2000 to 2010. To this end, the selected descriptors, in Portuguese and English, were: elderly, physical activity, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), questionnaire, indirect measurement and cross-sectional study. Following the different steps of the systematic review, the initial search covered 635 articles (non-duplicate articles in the databases), resulting in 7 publications for final analysis. The selection of articles was made from a paired, alternating and consensual review. It became evident that the majority of the articles analyzed that used the IPAQ to evaluate physical activity in older adults found a higher prevalence of elderly people considered more active.

Prática habitual de atividade física afeta o equilíbrio de idosas? / Does usual practice of physical activity affect balance in elderly women?

INTRODUÇÃO: Os sistemas responsáveis pela manutenção do controle postural naturalmente entram em declínio com o avanço da idade, o que pode comprometer a capacidade de manter a postura nos limites de estabilidade, influenciando no equilíbrio das estruturas corporais e, consequentemente, aumentando os riscos de quedas. OBJETIVO: Verificar o impacto da prática habitual de atividade física sobre os parâmetros estabilográficos, equilíbrio estático e dinâmico de idosos fisicamente independentes. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo. A amostra foi composta de 77 mulheres com idade entre 60 a 75 anos estratificadas em cinco grupos de acordo com a prática de atividade física classificada pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Foi utilizada a plataforma de força para avaliação estabilográfica, Teste de Apoio Unipodal (TAU) - equilíbrio estático, e o Timed Up and Go (TUG) - equilíbrio dinâmico. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes em todos os parâmetros estabilométricos analisados exceto na velocidade de oscilação no eixo X. Por outro lado, os resultados referentes aos testes funcionais não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos, entretanto, para o TUG verificou-se uma tendência à boa mobilidade funcional com o aumento da prática habitual de atividade física. CONCLUSÃO: A prática habitual de atividade física mais elevada representa melhora na estabilidade corporal quantificada pela estabilometria, fato este não demonstrado nos testes neuromotores.

INTRODUCTION: The systems responsible for maintenance of postural control naturally went into decline with advancing age, which may compromise the ability to maintain posture in the limits of stability, influencing the balance of body structures and consequent increase risks of fall. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the practice of physical activity on stabilographic parameters, static and dynamic balance of elderly physically independent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive. The sample consisted of 77 women aged 60 to 75 years stratified into five groups according to physical activity classified by the international physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Force platform was used for evaluations stabilographic, tes, one foot (TAU) - static balance, and the timed up and go (TUG) - dynamic balance. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed in all analyzed parameters except in the speed of oscillation in the "X" axis. The another hand, the results for functional tests showed no significant differences among the groups, but for the TUG it was verified a trend to good functional mobility with increasing practice of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: The practice of physical activity is higher improvement in stability measure by stabilometry body, a fact not shown in neuromotor tests.

Avaliação do nível de atividade física e fatores associados em estudantes de medicina de Fortaleza-CE / Evaluation of the level of physical activity and associated factors in medical students from Fortaleza - CE / Evaluación del nivel de actividad física y factores asociados en estudiantes de medicina de Fortaleza - CE

Objetivou-se avaliar o Nível de Atividade Física em acadêmicos de Medicina. Estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico, realizado em escolas médicas públicas e privadas e em hospitais- escola de Fortaleza. Amostra de 840 alunos, 409 do sexo masculino e 431 do feminino, na faixa etária de 17 a 33 anos, escolhidos de forma aleatória. Utilizou-se o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física na versão curta. A maioria dos estudantes (72,6%) foi classificada como sedentária ou insuficientemente ativa. Falta de tempo e estética configuram, respectivamente, a principal desmotivação e motivação para a prática de atividade física. Necessita-se de mais estudos abordando essa população, com vistas a estabelecer um delineamento mais acurado dos fatores que induzem à inatividade física.

The objective was mainly to evaluate the Physical Activity Level in medical students. A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical questionnaire was held in public and private medical schools and teaching hospitals of Fortaleza. A sample of 840 students, 409 males and 431 females, aged 17-33 years, was selected randomly. We used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in short version. Most students (72.6%) were classified as sedentary or insufficiently active. Lack of time and body aesthetic, respectively, are the main demotivation and motivation for physical activity. It is suggested additional studies addressed to this population, to establish a more accurate delineation of the factors that lead to physical inactivity.

El objetivo era principalmente para evaluar el nivel de actividad física en estudiantes de medicina. Un corte transversal, descriptivo y analítico, que se celebró en las escuelas de medicina públicas y privadas y los hospitales de enseñanza de Fortaleza. Muestra de 840 estudiantes, hombres 409 y 431 mujeres, con edades entre 17-33 años, seleccionados al azar. Se utilizó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física en su versión corta. La mayoría de los estudiantes (72,6%) fueron clasificados como sedentarios o activos ins uficientemente. Falta de tiempo y estética, respectivamente, la desAmotivación y la motivación principal para la actividad física. Es necesario realizar más estudios frente a esta población, con el fin de establecer una delimitación más precisa de los factores que conducen a la inactividad física.

Efeito da participação e do desligamento de programa de mudança no estilo de vida sobre o nível de atividade e aptidão física, percepção de saúde e presença de síndrome metabólica em adultos da comunidade de Botucatu - SP / Evaluate the participation and desconnexion effects of lifestyle change program on physical activity level and fitness on self-perceived health and metabolic syndrome presence in adults from Botucatu-SP's community

A busca pela estratégia mais eficaz capaz de prevenir, modificar e controlar fatores de risco e doenças crônicas por meio de mudança no estilo de vida (MEV) tornou-se um grande desafio, além de conseguir a adesão, em longo prazo, e principalmente sem supervisão, aos bons hábitos adquiridos durante a intervenção com MEV. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da participação e do desligamento do programa de mudança do estilo de vida sobre nível de atividade e aptidão física, percepção de saúde e presença de Síndrome Metabólica em adultos da comunidade de Botucatu-SP. Estudo do tipo transversal com base na comunidade contou com 153 indivíduos previamente participantes de programa de MEV e alocados em grupos Controle, Adesão e Não-Adesão. As avaliações incluíram medidas antropométricas (peso corporal e estatura para cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência abdominal, percentual de gordura, massa muscular e índice de massa muscular (IMM)), aptidão física (flexibilidade de tronco (sentar e alcançar) e força de preensão manual (dinamometria)) e nível de atividade física e estado de saúde (IPAQ longo, versão 8). Amostra sanguínea de jejum foi utilizada para análise bioquímica (glicemia, HDL-C e triglicerídios), aferição da pressão arterial (técnica auscultatória) e o diagnóstico da Síndrome Metabólica (SM) seguiu as recomendações do NCEP-ATPIII (2001) com adaptação da glicemia (≥ 100 mg/dL) em três momentos (pré-participação (M0), após intervenção de seis meses (M1) e após desligamento (M2) do programa de MEV). Análise de variância e modelo linear generalizado em medidas repetidas para comparação entre momentos e grupos, qui-quadrado, teste de proporção e modelo de regressão logística com nível de significância de 5%...

The search for more effective strategy able to prevent, control and modify risk factors and chronic diseases through lifestyle change (LSC) has become a major challenge, beyond to achieving the adherence in long term, especially without supervision, the good habits acquired during the LSC intervention. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the participation and disconnexion effects of lifestyle change program on physical activity level and fitness, on self-perceived health and metabolic syndrome presence in adults from Botucatu-SP’s community. Cross-sectional study of community-based had 153 subjects previously LSC program participants and allocated in Control, Adherence and Non-Adherence. The assessments included anthropometric measurements (weight and height to calculate body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat percentage, muscle mass and muscular mass index (MMI)), fitness (trunk flexibility (sit and reach) and handgrip strength (dynamometry)) and physical activity level and health status (IPAQ long version 8). Fasting blood sample was used for biochemical analysis (glucose, HDL-C and triglycerides), blood pressure measurement (auscultatory technique) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) diagnosis followed the NCEP-ATPIII (2001) recommendations with glucose adaptation (≥ 100 mg / dL) in three moments (pre-participation (M0), six months after intervention (M1) and after LSC program disconnexion (M2)). Variance analysis and generalized linear model for repeated measures to compare moments and groups, chi-square and proportions test and logistic regression model with 5% significance level. The LSC program significantly reduced work and housework physical activity, poor health perception and low physical activity level and increased leisure physical activity and flexibility, beyond to attenuate...

Análise da qualidade de vida e do nível de atividade física em universitários / Analysis of the quality of life and physical activity level in undergraduate students

O estudo objetivou analisar a qualidade de vida e o nível de atividade física em universitários. Participaram 178 universitários (83 do sexo masculino e 95 do sexo feminino). Mensuraram-se a qualidade de vida, pelo WHOQOL-Bref, e o nível de atividade física, por intermédio do IPAQ. Em relação à qualidade de vida, os indivíduos do sexo masculino apresentaram valores maiores que os das mulheres, mas com diferenças significativas apenas para o domínio físico, psicológico e qualidade de vida geral. Em sua maioria, os participantes foram classificados como ativos e muito ativos (homens=71,1% e mulheres=53,7%), os homens apresentando níveis mais elevados de atividade física. As correlações entre os domínios da qualidade de vida e o nível de atividade física foram fortes e positivas para ambos os sexos. Conclui-se que os domínios da qualidade de vida e o nível de atividade física apresentam diferenças entre os sexos e demonstram fortes relações positivas em universitários.

The study aimed to analyze the quality of life and physical activity level in undergraduate students. Participated in the study 178 undergraduate students (83 males and 95 females). Quality of life was measured by WHOQOL-Bref, and the physical activity level, through the IPAQ. Regarding the quality of life, the male subjects showed higher values for women, however, only with significant differences in the physical domain, psychological domain and overall quality of life. Most participants were classified as active and very active (men=71.1% and women=53.7%), with men showing higher levels of physical activity. The correlations between the quality of life domains and physical activity levels were strong and positive for both genders. We concluded that the domains of quality of life and physical activity level differ between the genders and show positive strong relationships in undergraduate students.

Actividad física global de pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular aplicando el "International Physical Activity Questionaire (IPAQ). / Global physical activity in outpatients with cardiovascular risk factor aplying "International Physical Activity Questionaire (IPAQ)

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de actividad física global de los pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular, mediante el cuestionario IPAQ. Material y métodos: Estudio tipo serie de casos. La población estuvo compuesta por pacientes con hipertensión arterial, obesidad y diabetes mellitus entre 35 y 69 años de edad. Se utilizó el IPAQ para medir el nivel de actividad física. Resultados: De 180 entrevistados, 122 (67,8%) fueron del sexo femenino. La edad media fue 56,9 ± 8,8 años, el IMC promedio fue 29,0 ± 5,2 (18,6 - 48,5). Ciento nueve (60,5%) pacientes tenían un solo factor de riesgo cardiovascular modificable por medio de actividad física, 59 (32,8%) dos factores y 12 (6,7%) tres factores. El tiempo promedio de diagnóstico en meses fue 34,6 (hipertensos) y 51,1 (diabéticos). El nivel de actividad física fue trabajo en 30 (16,7%) pacientes, en 80 (44,4%) moderado y en 70 (38,9%) alto. No hubo diferencias en el nivel de actividad física según la edad y sexo. Se encontró diferencia significativa en los pacientes con hipertensión quienes tenían actividad moderada (p=0,02) en los hipertensos obesos quienes tenían actividad físca alta (p=0,07). Conclusión: El nivel de actividad física global de los pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular seleccionados fue predominantemente moderado y alto.(Rev Med Hered 2011;22:115-120).

Objective: To evaluate the global physical activity level of patients with cardiovascular risk factors, using IPAQ. Material and methods: Serial cases type. We included patients with arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes between 35 to 69 years old. We used IPAQ, to measure physical activity level. Results: From 180 interviewed patients, 122 (67.8%) were female. The media age was 56.9 ± 8.8 years, the average BMI was 29.0 ± 5.2 (18.6 - 48.5). 109 (60.5%) presented one cardiovascular risk factor, 59 (32.8%) two risk factors and 12 (6.7%) three risk factors. The media diagnostic time in months was 34.6 (hypertensive patients) and 51.1 (diabetic patients). 30 (16.7%) patients had low level, 80 (44.4%) moderate and 70 (38.9%) high. There was no statistical difference between level of physical activity and sex or age. Hypertensive patients presented predominantly moderate level of physical activity (p = 0.02) and patients with hypertension + obesity showed predominantly high level of activity (p = 0.07). Conclusion: The level of global physical activity of patients with selected cardiovascular risk factors of our study was predominantly moderate and high.(Rev Med Hered 2011;22:115-120).

Seasonal effects on physical activity levels in adults living in Southern Brazil

Há pouca consistência na literatura sobre o efeito sazonal nos níveis de atividade física (NAF) na população. Realizou-se um estudo longitudinal para avaliar o efeito da sazonalidade nos NAFs em 120 adultos de uma região temperada do Sul do Brasil. A atividade física (AF) foi avaliada em dois períodos (verão e inverno) de 2007, com base na seção de AF no tempo de lazer e como forma de deslocamento do International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). As medianas dos NAFs foram comparadas entre as duas estações usando Sign Test. Para comparar a proporção de ativos e inativos no verão e no inverno utilizou-se o McNemar Test. A mediana do NAF Total no tempo de lazer foi maior no verão do que no inverno (383,75 vs. 210 MET-min/sem) (p=0,02). A porcentagem de pessoas inativas no verão e no inverno foi, respectivamente, 37,5% e 49,2% (p=0,04). As pessoas com 9 a 11 anos de escolaridade e pertencentes à classe B foram as que sofreram maiores reduções nos NAFs do verão para o inverno. Nossos resultados apontam para a necessidade de planejamento e estratégias para promover AF regular, especialmente no inverno.

There are no consistent findings about the seasonal effects on the physical activity levels (PAL) of the population. We conducted a study aimed at evaluating seasonal effects on physical activity levels among adults living in a temperate region of Brazil. A longitudinal study was carried out in a sample of 120 adults living in Southern Brazil. Physical activity was evaluated using the leisure-time and transport-related physical activity sections of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in two periods (summer and winter) of the year 2007. Median values of PAL (MET-min/week) were compared between the two seasons using Sign Test. McNemar Test was used for physical activity as dichotomous. Total Leisure-Time median values were higher in summer compared to winter (383.75 vs. 210 MET-min/wk, respectively; p=0.02). Overall, 37.5% of the subjects were classified as inactive during Summer compared to 49.2% during Winter (p=0.04). Subjects with 9 to 11 years of education, belonging to socioeconomic status B were more likely to decrease PAL in Winter compared to Summer. There must be planning and strategies to promote regular PA, particularly in winter.